English: Map of the Abbasid Caliphate ca. 788 AD, showing provinces (in capitals) and major cities and towns. The provinces are derived from a revenue list in el-'Ali (Plate VIII). Cities were added based primarily on the works of Le Strange, Ibn Khurradadhbih, al-Muqaddasi, al-Tabari, and al-Baladhuri, as well as the Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition. Borders should be considered approximate only.
Map created in Inkscape and converted to bitmap.
Works Cited:
El-'Ali, Saleh Ahmad. "A New Version of Ibn al-Mutarrif's List of Revenues in the Early Times of Harun al-Rashid." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 14.3 (1971): 303-310.
Al-Baladhuri, Ahmad ibn Jabir. The Origins of the Islamic State, Part II. Trans. Francis Clark Murgotten (Q56027114). New York: Columbia University, 1924.
The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Ed. 12 vols. with supplement and indices. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1960-2005.
Gabrieli, Francesco. "Muhammad ibn Qasim ath-Thaqafi and the Arab Conquest of Sind." East and West 15/3-4 (1965): 281-295.
Ibn Khurradadhbih, Abu al-Qasim 'Abd Allah. Kitab al-Masalik wa'l-Mamalik. Ed and trans. M.J. de Goeje. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1889.
Le Strange, Guy. The Lands of the Eastern Caliphate: Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia, from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1905.
Al-Muqaddasi, Muhammad ibn Ahmad. The Best Divisions for Knowledge of the Regions. Trans. Basil Collins. Reading: Garner Publishing Limited, 2001. ISBN1-85964-136-9
Al-Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir. The History of al-*Tabari. Ed. Ehsan Yar-Shater. 40 vols. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1985-2007.
a ranna – a dhasskrifa, lesranna ha treuskorra an ober
a gemyska – a aswiwa an ober
Yn-dann an ragselyow a syw:
askrifans – Res yw dhywgh ri askrifans gwiw, provia kevren dhe'n lecyans, ha meneges mar peu chanjyow gwrys. Hwi a yll gul hemma yn fordh resonus a vynnowgh, mes ny yllir y wul yn fordh a broffo synser an lecyans dh'agas skoodhya po agas devnydh.
ranna kehaval – Mar kwrewgh hwi chanjya, treusfurvya po drehevel war an ober ma, res yw dhywgh lesranna agas kevrohow yn-dann an keth lecyans hag an derowel, po lecyans kesplegadow.
An restren ma a's teves kedhlow keworransel, dres lycklod keworrys dhyworth an kamera bysyel po an skanyer devnydhys rag hy gwruthyl po hy bysya. Mars yw chanjys an restren dhyworth hy studh gwredhek, possybyl yw na veu nebes manylyon nowedhys.